Using high-speed computed tomography (CT) to scan the heart,
CACS identifies patients at risk for future cardiac events
by measuring calcium deposits along artery walls and reporting
the aggregate calcium burden as a calcium, or Agatson, score.
The level of calcium reflected in the Agatson score correlates
to the amount of atherosclerotic plaque in the artery, which
correlates to the patient's risk for developing symptomatic
coronary artery disease. The incidence and amount of coronary
calcification increases with age and reflects increasing atherosclerotic
burden.
In asymptomatic patients, CACS can be used to:
- Rule out coronary ischemia in patients
with atypical chest pain
- Interpret abnormal treadmill tests
in symptomatic individuals
- Help decide whether to use cholesterol
lowering therapies in patients with borderline cholesterol
levels
- Pre-operatively assess high-risk
patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery
- Follow-up and assess response to
treatment
The atherosclerotic process can be slowed,
stabilized and actually reversed when it is identified early
in patients and treated appropriately. The CACS procedure
is non-invasive, fast, and painless.
Screenings should begin at age 35 for
asymptomatic patients with a strong family history of coronary
disease. For those patients with no family history, it’s
often customary to begin screenings between the ages of 40
and 45.
Note: For symptomatic patients, some
studies have shown that the presence of calcium does not specifically
correspond to the presence of flow-limiting stenosis.